NT Labs Koi Care Chloramine-T 50g

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Organic chloramines can also be formed during these reactions. Organic chloramines cannot be distinguished from other chloramines, using standard chloramine analysis methods. Kusuri Chloramine T is a powder based treatment against Gill Flukes, Body Flukes, White Spot, Costia and Bacterial Gill Disease, as well as the reduction of pathogenic bacterial levels. Ura, Yasukazu; Sakata, Gozyo (2007). "Chloroamines". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi: 10.1002/14356007.a06_553. Chloramines are frequently produced by adding ammonia to water containing free chlorine (HOCl or OCl, depending on the pH). The ideal pH value for this reaction is 8,4. this means the water is slightly alkaline.

Fill a clean watering can with pond water, calculate the correct dose then add Kusuri Chloramine T. Chloramines remain in the water longer than chlorine. Monochloramines are most effective when the pH value is 7 or higher. When the pH value exceeds 7 the water is alkaline. The benefit of alkaline water is that it is less corrosive than acid water. When the pH value is high chlorine can be found in the water as hypochlorite ions (OCl -). These ions have a higher oxidation potential than underchloric acid. However, as a disinfectant it is a hundred times less effective than underchloric acid. When pH values are too high, its affectivity will diminish. The WHO (World Health Organization) only dictates a standard for monochloramine as a disinfectant. The standard is 3 mg/L. For di- and trichloramine there are no standards, because the available information is not satisfactory for the establishment of a health guideline. (WHO, Guidelines for drinking-water quality - 3rd edition. Chemical aspects) When chloramines are present, there are usually trace amounts of ammonia and hypochlorite in the water as well. Chloramines are hardly ionic. As a result and because of the low molecular weight, chloramines, mainly monochloramine, are difficult to remove from water by reverse osmosis (RO) or water softening. Boiling and distillation cannot be used either. Substances for chlorine removal cannot be used for the removal of chloramines. Sunlight and aeration may aid chloramine removal.

It is prepared by oxidation of toluenesulfonamide with sodium hypochlorite, with the latter being produced in situ from sodium hydroxide and chlorine (Cl 2): [2] Little to no trihalomethanes (THM) and other disinfection byproducts are formed during chlormaine disinfection. Inorganic chloramines comprise three compounds: monochloramine (NH 2Cl), dichloramine (NHCl 2), and nitrogen trichloride (NCl 3). Monochloramine is of broad significance as a disinfectant for water. [3] Organic chloramines [ edit ] N-Chloropiperidine is a rare example of an organic chloramine. [4] Chloramine-T is often referred to as a chloramine, but it is really a salt (CH 3C 6H 4SO 2NClNa) derived from a chloramine. [5] Drinking chloramine-containing water or using it for boiling and bathing is safe, because of a neutralization of chloramines in the metabolism. However, people with weakened immune systems, such as young children, elderly people, people with HIV and people that undergo chemo therapy, should also be cautious when it comes to the use of chloramine disinfected water. According to American guidelines by EPA, drinking water that is treated with chloramines can contain a maximum amount of 4 mg/L Cl 2. (National Primary Drinking Water Regulations EPA, 2002)

The amounts of chlorine and ammonia in the water also influence the origination of chloramines. The chlorine/ ammonia rate is ideally 6:1. During chloramine production the rate is usually 3-5:1. When ammonia concentrations are higher, more di- and trichloramines are formed.

Chloramine-T Spectrum

P280: Wear protective gloves/ protective clothing/ eye protection/ face protection/ hearing protection. The sodium salt of p-toluenesulfochloramide, commonly known as chloramine-T, exerts strong oxidizing action in both acidic and alkaline media and thus has been widely used for the oxidimetric determination of a large number of inorganic and organic substances. Claxton, George P.; Allen, Lloyd; Grisar, J. Martin (1977). "2,3,4,5-Tetrahydropyridine Trimer". Organic Syntheses. 56: 118. doi: 10.15227/orgsyn.056.0118.